Deciding what to do next

For a fork in the road. People on what they stopped doing and how they knew, what they refuse to make more efficient, and where they think the consensus in their own field has it wrong.

49 people · 186 answers

What made you decide to stop something you were known for, and how did you know it was time?

Tom Kerridge

Chef and restaurateur

It’s very easy to get caught up in a habit of work hard and play hard. I couldn’t tell you how much I used to drink in a week – I haven’t got enough fingers.

Recorded · The Guardian · 2015

David Hare

Playwright and screenwriter

I stopped directing movies in the late Eighties because I believed I couldn’t be a playwright and a filmmaker.

Recorded · Rob McGibbon · 2011

Jessye Norman

Operatic soprano and recitalist

As a very young singer, I was invited to the opera house in Berlin by the then-director of the opera house, Egon Seefehlner, and I had one opera to my name that I knew.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement (achievement.org)

Leelee Kimmel

American actress and artist

I don’t want my children to look at Netflix and see me on screen in the arms of someone who’s not their dad.

Recorded · Artnet News · 2018

Desmond Tutu

Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town; chair of South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission; Nobel Peace Prize, 1984

I stopped being a teacher when the South African Government introduced a deliberately inferior education for blacks called Bantu education, and I felt I wasn’t ready to collaborate with…

Recorded · American Academy of Achievement · 2004

Jia Tolentino

Writer

I think it’s so good to abandon projects. I never feel sad about not trying to publish that novel.

Recorded · The Creative Independent · 2022

What is something everyone in your world agrees about that you think is wrong?

Yves Bonnefoy

Poet, essayist and translator

I started reading poetry in primary school—Victor Hugo, the romantics, and the Parnassians—they were part of the curriculum.

Recorded · The Paris Review, Issue 131, Summer 1994 · 1994

Ursula K. Le Guin

Novelist, poet and essayist

Books aren’t just commodities; the profit motive is often in conflict with the aims of art. We live in capitalism, its power seems inescapable — but then, so did the divine right of kings.

Recorded · ursulakleguin.com (the author's own site) · 2014

Bill Clinton

42nd President of the United States, 1993–2001

If I had to make the welfare decision again tomorrow, I’d sign it again tomorrow. We had a 60 percent reduction in the welfare rolls.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement

Alexa Chung

English television presenter

I won't allow people's shit limit what I do.

Recorded · Harper's Bazaar · 2015

David Hockney

Painter, draughtsman, printmaker and photographer

I thought I was a hedonist at the time, but when I look back I was always working. I am always working. I work every day. I never give parties; I never gave them.

Recorded · The Guardian · 2015

Wangari Maathai

Founder of the Green Belt Movement; Member of Parliament for Tetu, Kenya, 2002–2007; Assistant Minister for Environment and Natural Resources 2003–2005

Initially, the work was difficult because historically our people have been persuaded to believe that because they are poor, they lack not only capital, but also knowledge and skills to…

Recorded · The Nobel Foundation · 2004

What are you unwilling to optimise?

Barack Obama

44th President of the United States, 2009–2017; United States Senator from Illinois 2005–2008

There are some things about being president that I still have difficulty doing. … For example, faking emotion. Because I feel it is an insult to the people I'm dealing with.

Recorded · Vanity Fair · 2012

Wole Soyinka

Playwright, poet and novelist; Nobel laureate in Literature, 1986

That’s a very good question. I think I’m a very lazy writer and by that I mean that I do not battle, I don’t struggle too hard against it.

Recorded · NobelPrize.org (Nobel Prize Outreach) · 2005

Alessia Cara

Canadian singer-songwriter

I think now, especially with Love & Hyperbole, I was like, let me just write the best thing that I can make for myself. Totally intuitively.

Recorded · HATC Magazine · 2025

Alice Waters

Chef, restaurateur and food activist

There’s no such thing as cheap food. It can be affordable, but it can never be cheap.

Recorded · Earth Island Journal · 2015

Bong Joon-ho

Film director and screenwriter

There were times when I thought I wanted to be a cartoonist. If I weren’t a film director, I think cartoons would have been a good alternative.

Recorded · Polygon · 2019

Charlie Munger

Vice chairman of Berkshire Hathaway, 1978–2023

The highest form that civilization can reach is a seamless web of deserved trust. Not much procedure, just totally reliable people correctly trusting one another.

Recorded · Speakola · 2007

In the last five years, what have you become better at saying no to?

Lynsey Addario

Photojournalist and war photographer; Pulitzer Prize winner, 2009

I think I naturally felt like I needed to pull back, and maybe that’s one of the reasons why I decided to get pregnant then because I was 37, and I had Lukas at 38.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement (achievement.org)

Paul Graham

Co-founder of Viaweb and of the startup accelerator Y Combinator; essayist

When I ask myself what I've found life is too short for, the word that pops into my head is “bullshit.” I realize that answer is somewhat tautological.

Recorded · paulgraham.com · 2016

Geoffrey Rush

Australian actor

There’s been a lot of stuff that I turned down.

Recorded · The Guardian · 2025

Richard Feynman

Theoretical physicist; Nobel laureate in Physics, 1965

the colonel said I shouldn't tell them how the neutrons work and all the details because we want to keep things separate, so just tell them what to do to keep it safe.

Recorded · Engineering and Science / Caltech Magazine · 1976

Simone Biles

United States artistic gymnast

I just felt like it would be a little bit better to take a back seat, work on my mindfulness.

Recorded · Rev · 2021

Zadie Smith

Novelist and essayist

Protect the time and space in which you write. Keep everybody away from it, even the people who are most important to you.

Recorded · The Guardian · 2010

Whose work makes you jealous?

Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard

Developmental biologist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 1995

I felt at the time that Eric was much more successful than I, he was extremely productive during his time in Zurich, and worked on many very original projects, germ line, cell lineage, sex…

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 1995

Dax Shepard

Actor and film-maker; host of the Armchair Expert podcast

I would always be tempted to take a movie I liked less if the payday was twice as much, and I’ve interviewed a couple people that grew up with wealth and I’ve watched them navigate their…

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2020

Darren Aronofsky

Film director; Requiem for a Dream, The Wrestler, Black Swan

I think I’ve always been jealous of musicians. You hear the story where Bob Dylan wrote a song in the afternoon and it became the anthem for a generation.

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2018

Richard Hamming

Mathematician and computer scientist; Turing Award, 1968

I worked for ten years with John Tukey at Bell Labs. He had tremendous drive. One day about three or four years after I joined, I discovered that John Tukey was slightly younger than I was.

Recorded · Bell Communications Research Colloquium Seminar (transcription hosted by the University of Virginia Department of Computer Science) · 1986

Matthew Walker

Neuroscientist; professor of neuroscience and psychology at the University of California, Berkeley

there were a group of scientists from the University of Geneva who conducted a brilliant study.

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2023

Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Author and probability researcher; Distinguished Professor of Risk Engineering at NYU

I say envious of people who are erudite. Like if someone knows Latin very well, I’m envious. If someone knows Sanskrit, I’m envious. And I discovered that early on.

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2023

Everyone here · A–Z

Aaron Ciechanover, Abby Wambach, Ada Yonath, Adam Zagajewski, Alan Cumming, Alessia Cara, Alexa Chung, Alice Sheppard, Barack Obama, Bill Clinton, Charlie Munger, Cheryl Strayed, Chris Hoy, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, David Hare, David Vélez, Derek Sivers, Desmond Tutu, Edmund Hillary, Ephraim Asili, François Ozon, Geoffrey Rush, Henry R. Kravis, Hiroshi Mikitani, Ja’Tovia Gary, Jacqueline Novogratz, Jensen Huang, Jia Tolentino, Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, Kurt Vonnegut, Leelee Kimmel, Mario Molina, Mellody Hobson, Mohamed ElBaradei, Oliver Sacks, Richard Feynman, Richard Ford, Serena Williams, Shinya Yamanaka, Simone Biles, Sonia Sotomayor, Steve Jobs, Tom Kerridge, Ursula K. Le Guin, Warren Buffett, Wayne Rooney, Winston Churchill, Yvon Chouinard

Other paths