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Taking stock

For a birthday, or an anniversary, or a long train. The questions people answer differently at sixty than they would have at thirty — and on this site you can often read both.

An honest inventory

For a birthday, a quiet Sunday, or the week you realise you have been answering other people's priorities. Not a goal worksheet — the questions people answer differently at fifty than at twenty-five.

26 people · 194 answers

If you could put a message on a giant billboard, what would it say and why?

Siya Kolisi

South Africa international rugby union flanker and captain

Recorded · Red Bull · 2019

To be remembered for all the things that you do and as someone who makes people smile, touches people's lives – that is what should wake you up every single morning.
Jimmy Carter

39th President of the United States, 1977–1981; Governor of Georgia 1971–1975

Recorded · The Nobel Foundation · 2002

War may sometimes be a necessary evil. But no matter how necessary, it is always an evil, never a good. We will not learn how to live together in peace by killing each other's children.
Jacinda Ardern

Prime Minister of New Zealand, 2017–2023; Leader of the Labour Party 2017–2023

Recorded · Harvard Magazine · 2022

We are the richer for our difference, and poorer for our division.
John C. Bogle

Founder of The Vanguard Group, 1974

Recorded · Georgetown University / johncbogle.com · 2007

There's the world's work to be done, and there are never enough citizens with determined hearts, courageous character, intelligent minds, and idealistic souls to do it.
Mikhail Gorbachev

General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union 1985–1991; President of the Soviet Union 1990–1991

Recorded · The Nobel Foundation · 1991

Peace is not unity in similarity but unity in diversity, in the comparison and conciliation of differences.
Kofi Annan

Secretary-General of the United Nations, 1997–2006

Recorded · The Nobel Foundation · 2001

In this new century, we must start from the understanding that peace belongs not only to states or peoples, but to each and every member of those communities.

What counsel would you give your twenty-year-old self — and what should they ignore?

Whitney Wolfe Herd

Founder and chief executive of Bumble

Recorded · CNBC Make It · 2021

I think fear and fear of the unknown and perceived failure is what holds people back. For me, I am more scared of complacency than having something not work out.
Eleanor Roosevelt

First Lady of the United States 1933–1945; United States Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly 1945–1952; Chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights 1946–1951

Recorded · Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project, The George Washington University · 1960

Courage is more exhilarating than fear and in the long run it is easier. We do not have to become heroes overnight.
Ellen Ochoa

Electrical engineer and astronaut; director of NASA’s Johnson Space Center, 2013–2018

Recorded · National Women’s History Museum · 2018

It’s a very interesting and challenging field! It’s important to study math and science throughout high school and college, and major in some technical area.
John Lewis

U.S. Representative from Georgia, 1987–2020; Chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 1963–1966

Recorded · Emory News Center, Emory University · 2014

You must find a way to get in the way, you must find a way to get into trouble — good trouble, necessary trouble.
Reid Hoffman

Co-founder of LinkedIn; partner at Greylock Partners

Recorded · Reid Hoffman on Medium

The challenge of a big, over-arching vision is that it's hard to know where to start. And your biggest opportunity will change from year to year. Technology changes. Competition changes.
Henry R. Kravis

Financier; co-founder of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 1991

When I went through school, I was in a hurry. I was an economics major as an undergraduate, and I was a finance major in graduate school.

Which virtue do you think people overrate?

Barack Obama

44th President of the United States, 2009–2017; United States Senator from Illinois 2005–2008

Recorded · ABC News · 2011

Security. People naturally resist change in our personal lives.
Seth Godin

Author and marketer; founder of Yoyodyne and Squidoo

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2020

I think authenticity is a crock, and I think authenticity is overrated and talked about far too much. The problem with authenticity is it’s selfish.
Amartya Sen

Economist and philosopher; laureate of the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences, 1998

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 1998

This was a co-educational school, with many progressive features.
Debbie Millman

Designer; host of Design Matters; founder of the SVA branding programme

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2018

one of the things that I learned from doing Design Matters from my guest Danny Shapiro, and I think I mentioned this in part one of my interview with Tim; confidence is overrated.
Eleanor Roosevelt

First Lady of the United States 1933–1945; United States Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly 1945–1952; Chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights 1946–1951

Recorded · Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project, The George Washington University · 1943

Tolerance ought only to be a preliminary step which allows us to get to know other people, and which prevents us from setting up bars, just because they may be of a different race or…
Linus Torvalds

Creator of the Linux kernel and of Git

Recorded · TED (transcript of the TED2016 interview) · 2016

I've actually felt slightly uncomfortable at TED for the last two days, because there's a lot of vision going on, right? And I am not a visionary. I do not have a five-year plan.

In the last five years, what have you become better at saying no to?

Lynsey Addario

Photojournalist and war photographer; Pulitzer Prize winner, 2009

Recorded · Academy of Achievement (achievement.org)

I think I naturally felt like I needed to pull back, and maybe that’s one of the reasons why I decided to get pregnant then because I was 37, and I had Lukas at 38.
Richard Ford

Novelist and short-story writer

Recorded · The Guardian · 2010

Don’t read your reviews. […] Don’t write reviews. (Your judgment’s always tainted.) […] Don’t write letters to the editor. (No one cares.)
Peter Doherty

Veterinary surgeon and immunologist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 1996

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 1996

On returning to Brisbane, I realised fairly quickly that I am an experimentalist at heart. A career as a diagnostic virologist was not for me!
Paul Graham

Co-founder of Viaweb and of the startup accelerator Y Combinator; essayist

Recorded · paulgraham.com · 2016

When I ask myself what I've found life is too short for, the word that pops into my head is “bullshit.” I realize that answer is somewhat tautological.
Simone Biles

United States artistic gymnast

Recorded · Rev · 2021

I just felt like it would be a little bit better to take a back seat, work on my mindfulness.

What is the hardest thing that has happened to you, and what did you carry out of it?

Roger Ebert

Film critic

Recorded · Roger Ebert's Journal, rogerebert.com · 2010

Thank God I found sobriety. I could sustain myself with my work, my reading, the movies, my friends. And walking, walking, walking.
Rita Levi-Montalcini

Neurobiologist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 1986

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 1986

The two alternatives left then to us were either to emigrate to the United States, or to pursue some activity that needed neither support nor connection with the outside Aryan world where…
Nina Riggs

Poet and essayist

Recorded · Text Publishing · 2017

Downstairs, the boys gaze at a screen on the old futon in the playroom. We will figure out what to do about them soon enough.
Tu Youyou

Pharmaceutical chemist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 2015

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 2015

I unfortunately contracted tuberculosis at the age of sixteen and had to take a two-year break and receive treatment at home before I resumed my study at the private Ningbo Xiaoshi High…
Lewis Hamilton

British Formula One driver

Recorded · Sky Sports · 2023

For me, school was probably the most traumatising and most difficult part of my life. I already was being bullied at the age of six.
Sonny Rollins

Jazz tenor saxophonist and composer

Recorded · Academy of Achievement (achievement.org)

I went through some really terrible times. I don’t know whether I should really even mention it, but you mentioned that I had to go to prison and all that stuff.

Which book reshaped how you think, and in what way?

Anthony Kennedy

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1988–2018

Recorded · American Academy of Achievement · 2005

I think fiction is very important because it gets us into the mind of a person. Hamlet is a tremendous piece of literature. You know Hamlet better than you know most real people.
Whitney Cummings

Comedian and writer; co-creator of 2 Broke Girls

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2018

I believe that I had something called epigenetic imprinting, which I actually read about in a book called The Female Brain by Louann Brizendine.
Albie Sachs

Anti-apartheid lawyer; Justice of the Constitutional Court of South Africa

Recorded · American Academy of Achievement · 2009

I’d been introduced to Freud through all this because I couldn’t understand why is it so difficult to be brave.
Elie Wiesel

Writer and human rights advocate; Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 1986

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 1996

I remember the awakening that occurred in me when I read, for the first time, Franz Kafka. ... That morning I was happy.
Alex Honnold

Rock climber; first person to free solo El Capitan

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2018

some of the most noteworthy books I’ve read I guess, like A People’s History of the US, the Howard Zinn book totally changed the way I look at politics.
Oliver Sacks

Neurologist and writer

Recorded · American Academy of Achievement · 2000

The first biography I read — I think the first scientific biography — was Madame Curie . And my mother, who was a surgeon, worked at the Marie Curie Hospital.

Everyone here · A–Z

Aung San Suu Kyi, Barack Obama, Bill Clinton, Charlie Munger, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, David Vélez, Derek Sivers, Desmond Tutu, Edmund Hillary, George H. W. Bush, Jimmy Carter, John Lewis, Malala Yousafzai, Marina Abramović, Mario Molina, Mellody Hobson, Mohamed ElBaradei, Oliver Sacks, Richard Feynman, Serena Williams, Shinya Yamanaka, Simone Biles, Steve Jobs, Tony Judt, Warren Buffett, Winston Churchill

Other paths