Starting out

For somebody at the beginning of something — still at school, newly qualified, or one week into work they do not yet understand. Mostly people looking back at who they were, which is the only vantage from which this advice is any good.

48 people · 303 answers

What advice would you give your twenty-year-old self, and what should they ignore?

Patti Smith

Musician, poet and photographer

Build a good name. Keep your name clean. Don’t make compromises. Don’t worry about making a bunch of money or being successful. Be concerned about doing good work and protect your work.

Recorded · Louisiana Channel, Louisiana Museum of Modern Art · 2012

Rosa Parks

Civil-rights activist

The advice I would give any young person is, first of all, to rid themselves of prejudice against other people and to be concerned about what they can do to help others.

Recorded · American Academy of Achievement · 1995

Susan Wojcicki

Chief executive of YouTube; Google's first marketing manager

Life doesn't offer you the perfect opportunity at the perfect time. Opportunities come when you least expect them ... Rarely are opportunities presented to you in a perfect way.

Recorded · HuffPost · 2014

Steve Jobs

Co-founder and chief executive of Apple; co-founder of NeXT; chief executive of Pixar

Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people's thinking.

Recorded · Stanford News (Stanford University) · 2005

Tony Fadell

Engineer and designer; led the iPod and iPhone teams at Apple, founder of Nest Labs

Learn by doing, not learn first, then do. The way you discover what it is you like to do in life is by doing first, then learning about it.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 2016

Leymah Gbowee

Peace activist; Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 2011

My key message to her, as a nine-year-old, recently has been, “You don’t need to be friends with everyone, but you’re forced to respect everyone.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 2018

What are bad recommendations you hear in your profession or area of expertise?

Robert S. Langer

Biomedical engineer; Institute Professor at MIT

I didn’t realize that scientists were like that, and that people were like that. I would have thought — and I like to hope — that I encourage people rather than discourage people.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 2012

John Lewis

U.S. Representative from Georgia, 1987–2020; Chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 1963–1966

I would come home and ask my mother, my father, my grandparents, my great-grandparents, 'Why?'. And they would say, 'That's the way it is. Don't get in the way, don't get in trouble!'

Recorded · Speakola (speech transcript archive) · 2014

Indra Nooyi

Chief executive of PepsiCo, 2006–2018

In order to grasp every opportunity, you cannot — you must not — decide your "career path" in advance.

Recorded · Wake Forest University · 2011

Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw

Founder and executive chairperson of Biocon

Don’t be a “me too” entrepreneur. Leaders and organizations that only follow cannot be successful over the long term.

Recorded · Boston Consulting Group · 2021

Aaron Ciechanover

Biologist and physician; Nobel laureate in chemistry for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation

if you drive yourself to win prizes, I think you will never get it, as you are busy thinking about it. And secondly, this is a bad way of living life.

Recorded · Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings · 2014

Corazon Aquino

President of the Philippines, 1986–1992

I held out for participation in the 1984 election the dictatorship called, even if I knew it would be rigged.

Recorded · AmericanRhetoric.com · 1986

How has a failure, or apparent failure, set you up for later success? Do you have a favourite failure?

Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard

Developmental biologist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 1995

As I was lazy and rarely did my homework, I finished high school with a rather mediocre exam. I almost did not pass in English language.

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 1995

George Lucas

Filmmaker; creator of Star Wars and founder of Lucasfilm

Whenever you’re making a movie, especially when you’re writing, you always have self-doubts. I did the first location shooting in Tunisia.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 1999

Wendy Kopp

Founder of Teach For America; chief executive of Teach For All

I applied to one firm in every sector. This was the most half-hearted job search.

Recorded · American Academy of Achievement · 2013

Charlie Munger

Vice chairman of Berkshire Hathaway, 1978–2023

Life will have terrible blows, horrible blows, unfair blows. Doesn't matter. And some people recover and others don't. And there I think the attitude of Epictetus is the best.

Recorded · Speakola · 2007

Brian Chesky

Co-founder and chief executive of Airbnb

When we started Airbnb, no one wanted to invest. I felt like a failure so many days. It was small, it wasn't growing... A sane person probably would have quit.

Recorded · Yahoo Finance

Agnès Varda

Film director, photographer and installation artist

I have never made any money from my films but I have won prizes and recognition. I have been on the margins forever.

Recorded · Eye For Film · 2018

What is one of the best or most worthwhile investments you have ever made — of money, time, or energy?

Daniel Kahneman

Psychologist; laureate of the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences, 2002

Amos and I shared the wonder of together owning a goose that could lay golden eggs – a joint mind that was better than our separate minds.

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 2002

Óscar Arias Sánchez

President of Costa Rica, 1986–1990 and 2006–2010

My country is a country of teachers. It is therefore a country of peace. We discuss our successes and failures in complete freedom.

Recorded · The Nobel Foundation · 1987

Warren Buffett

Chairman and chief executive of Berkshire Hathaway, 1970–2025

We've just passed a milestone: Twenty years ago, on January 3, 1972, Blue Chip Stamps (then an affiliate of Berkshire and later merged into it) bought control of See's Candy Shops, a West…

Recorded · Berkshire Hathaway Inc. · 1992

Roger Federer

Swiss professional tennis player, 1998–2022

Of all the gifts that tennis has given me over the years, the greatest, without a doubt, has been the people I've met along the way: my friends, my competitors, and most of all the fans who…

Recorded · Reuters · 2022

Brian Chesky

Co-founder and chief executive of Airbnb

We need to have mentors. I think I've always been pretty shameless about seeking out people much smarter and much more experienced than me from the very beginning.

Recorded · Fortune · 2017

Yves Bonnefoy

Poet, essayist and translator

I was not much taken by their poems, but I liked Leconte de Lisle’s translation of Homer, especially his Iliad, which brought me the classical world.

Recorded · The Paris Review, Issue 131, Summer 1994 · 1994

What is the book you have given most as a gift, and why?

Bill Gates

Co-founder of Microsoft; co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

I read Stephen Pinker's The Better Angels of Our Nature a few years ago and got to talk to him about it after, which was a lot of fun.

Recorded · TIME · 2017

Mario Molina

Atmospheric chemist; Nobel laureate in Chemistry, 1995

It was probably a series of biographies of scientists like Pasteur, or even earlier ones — Leeuwenhoek inventing the microscope and Madame Curie.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 1996

Tu Youyou

Pharmaceutical chemist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 2015

In Ge Hong's A Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies (肘后备急方), I noticed one sentence "A handful of Qinghao immersed in two liters of water, wring out the juice and drink it all" (青蒿一握,…

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 2015

Shinya Yamanaka

Stem cell biologist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 2012

A book also pushed me to become a medical doctor.

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 2012

Hilary Mantel

Novelist and critic

Read Becoming a Writer, by Dorothea Brande. Then do what it says, including the tasks you think are impossible.

Recorded · The Guardian · 2010

Katalin Karikó

Biochemist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 2023

When I was 16 years old, I read the book from Hans Selye. Hans Selye is a Canadian scientist, but he was Hungarian so his book was translated to Hungarian.

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 2023

What is something you were told by a parent, teacher, or mentor that you still repeat to yourself?

Edmund Hillary

Mountaineer and explorer; first ascent of Everest, 1953

My mother used to say to me a thing which, when I look back on it, wasn’t terribly logical.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement

Henry R. Kravis

Financier; co-founder of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.

One person that is my role model is my father. ... He’s a man who taught me something very important. And that was — give back to society what you’ve taken out.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 1991

Pete Rozelle

Commissioner of the National Football League, 1960–1989

reputation is what people think you are, and your character is what you are.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement · 1991

Chuck Jones

Animator, cartoon director and screenwriter

My mother said — and I didn’t realize how well it works — when I’d bring a drawing to her, she said, “I don’t look at the drawing.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement (achievement.org)

Gustavo Dudamel

Conductor; Music and Artistic Director of the Los Angeles Philharmonic

Maestro Abreu always said something very, very beautiful.

Recorded · Academy of Achievement (achievement.org)

Elan Lee

Game designer; co-creator of Exploding Kittens

There’s a few that are immediate, because he just drilled them into my head. One is “Nothing attracts a crowd like a crowd.” Try as hard as you want to market something, get a crowd.

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2023

Everyone here · A–Z

Aaron Ciechanover, Abby Wambach, Adam Zagajewski, Agnès Varda, Alex Honnold, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Bill Clinton, Charlie Munger, Cheryl Strayed, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, David Hare, David Lynch, David Vélez, Derek Sivers, Desmond Tutu, Edmund Hillary, Ephraim Asili, Ernst Mayr, François Ozon, Geoffrey Rush, Henry R. Kravis, Hiroshi Mikitani, Jacqueline Novogratz, Jensen Huang, Jia Tolentino, Jocelyn Bell Burnell, John Lewis, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, Leon Panetta, Malala Yousafzai, Marina Abramović, Mario Molina, Mellody Hobson, Mohamed ElBaradei, Pete Rozelle, Peyton Manning, Richard Feynman, Richard Ford, Shinya Yamanaka, Simone Biles, Sonia Sotomayor, Steve Jobs, Tom Kerridge, Warren Buffett, Wayne Rooney, Winston Churchill, Yvon Chouinard

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